Effects of harvest time, fruit size and cultivar on the bulk optical properties of Satsuma mandarin

As Satsuma mandarin is a multi-layered fruit, the optical properties of different tissue layers influence performance spectroscopy-based quality detection models. Therefore, variation in bulk (BOP) inner (juice vesicles) and outer (flavedo) layer was investigated for harvest times, fruit sizes cultivars. from three cultivars (Iwasaki, Okitsu Goku Wase) were harvested at times around recommended date BOP estimated double integrating spheres measurements. Along time, absorption peak related to carotenoids coefficient (?a) spectrum increased both layers, while values attributed chlorophylls decreased flavedo. Moreover, slightly increasing trend over time observed scattering (?s) spectra juice vesicles, especially early stage. The ?a ?s vesicles deviated among sizes, which can be development Smaller presented higher concentration an advanced color change flavedo throughout maturation stages earlier stages. differences pigment order. Earlier maturing possessed changes differed these enhanced during maturation. These insights sources tissues used simulation-based optimal design measurement configuration interpretation acquired signals monitoring.